0805852212.pdf

The Basics of Transformation Rules For the time being, let’s set aside the issue of meaning in a theory of language and grammar ...

170 CHAPTER 5 object NP (a ring) shifted to the subject position. Second, the prepositionbyap- peared, and the deep-structure su ...

171 Sentence 5.5a: A ring was bought by Fred. ...

172 CHAPTER 5 6b. The cake was eaten [by someone]. To account for sentence 6, T-G grammar proposes a deletion rule that elimi- n ...

NOAM CHOMSKY AND GRAMMAR 173 Usage Note Many writing teachers tell students not to use the passive in their work, and they urge ...

174 CHAPTER 5 came from an automaker’s report on faulty hood latches in a certain line of cars. The driver’s forward vision was ...

NOAM CHOMSKY AND GRAMMAR 175 we consider the deep structure of each sentence, we need to look at the underly- ing noun phrases t ...

176 Sentence 5.11: The message,which Macarena had left near the flowers,baffled Fred. Sentence 5.11: The message,which Macarena ...

177 Sentence 5.12: The walletthat held Macarena’s moneywas in the trunk. Sentence 5.12: The walletthat held Macarena’s moneywas ...

178 Sentence 5.13: The womanwhom I lovehas red hair. Sentence 5.13: The womanwhom I lovehas red hair. (continued) ...

APPLYING KEY IDEAS Directions: Identify the deep structure for each of the following sentences: Macarena was the woman who danc ...

Usage Note The usage note on page 150 mentioned that most people use the relative pro- nounswhichandthatinterchangeably. Althoug ...

marker for the preposition (e.g., Z). The transformation then would delete this marker as it relativizes the NP. This approach s ...

17a. Fred bought a thong swimsuit/the fact that Fred bought a thong swimsuit hor- rified his mother The Slow Demise of T-G Gramm ...

on the other hand, steadfastly insisted that meaning was irrelevant. According to Harris, when linguists like Lakoff and Ross pr ...

The study of acquisition has been shaped by two assertions that, if accurate, present significant logical problems for our under ...

In chapter 3, we examined head words and saw how phrases are attached to them to form modifiers. The idea of head words also app ...

by the universal grammar. According to Chomsky (1995, 2000), these four parts work together in fairly complex ways that allow us ...

The computational system, however, is not a new idea. The majority of work in cognition is predicated on a computational model, ...

Performance also took on a different meaning. On the one hand, Chomsky (1995) asserted that performance consists of having a lan ...