compensatory strategyn
A communication strategy in which a learner compensates for the fact that
a task may be beyond his or her communicative ability; e.g., by avoiding
saying something that he or she would find hard to express, or by restating
something because the interlocutor is having difficulty understanding the
speaker.
competencen
(in generative grammar) the implicit system of rules that constitutes
a person’s knowledge of a language. This includes a person’s ability to
create and understand sentences, including sentences they have never heard
before, knowledge of what are and what are not sentences of a particular
language, and the ability to recognize ambiguous and deviant sentences.
For example, a speaker of English would recognize I want to go home as an
English sentence but would not accept a sentence such as I want going home
even though all the words in it are English words. Competence often refers
to an ideal speaker / hearer, that is an idealized but not a real person who
would have a complete knowledge of the whole language. A distinction is
made between competence and performance, which is the actual use of
the language by individuals in speech and writing.
see also communicative competence, self determination theory
competenciesn
in competency based teaching, descriptions of the essential skills,
knowledge and behaviours required for the effective performance of a
real world task or activity. Activities such as “A job Interview” or “Taking
telephone messages” are regarded as collections of competencies or units
of competency. For example the activity “Working on a factory floor”
includes the following competencies:
follow instructions to carry out a simple task
respond appropriately to supervisor’s comments
request supplies
state amount of work already completed
state problem and ask for help if necessary
Such written descriptions of what a student is able to do with the language,
usually in terms of target language performance, are known as Competency
Statements.
competency based teacher educationn
an approach to teacher education which focuses on the skills and com-
petencies which are thought to constitute effective teaching.
competency based teacher education