contextualizationncontextualizev
in language teaching, the provision of examples of how a new learning item
is used in a meaningful or real context in order to reinforce the commu-
nicative use of the new item and to help students better understand and
remember it. For example after teaching the use of imperatives in giving
instructions, the teacher might give out copies of recipes and ask students to
identify examples of imperatives.
contextually appropriate methodn
see cloze procedure
contextual meaningn
the meaning a linguistic item has in context, for example the meaning a
word has within a particular sentence, or a sentence has in a particular
paragraph. The question Do you know the meaning of war? For example,
may have two different contextual meanings:
a it may mean Do you know the meaning of the word war?, when said by
a language teacher to a class of students.
b it may mean War produces death,injury,and suffering, when said by an
injured soldier to a politician who favours war.
contingency tablen
a table that displays data concerning two variables^2. For example, if we
wanted to determine the relationship between the scores students obtained
on a grammar test and the number of hours spent in preparation for the
test, a contingency table could be used to show the number of students
obtaining different test scores according to the amount of time they spent in
preparation. The chi-square test can be used to test the statistical
significance of the relationship between the two variables (i.e., between
the scores and the preparation time).
contextualizationA contingency table