goal^2 n
(in case grammar) the noun or noun phrase which refers to the place
to which someone or something moves or is moved. For example in the
sentences:
He loaded bricks on the truck.
He loaded the truck with bricks.
the truckis the goal.
goal setting n
the theory that people are more motivated to accomplish a task when they
have clear, specific, and difficult but achievable goals than they are when
they have no clear goals or goals that are too easy.
see also motivation
goal 9 -role n
see q-theory
government ngovern v
a type of grammatical relationship between two or more elements in a
sentence, in which the choice of one element causes the selection of a
particular form of another element. In traditional grammar, the term
government has typically been used to refer to the relationship between
verbs and nouns or between prepositions and nouns. In German, for
example, the preposition mit “with” governs, that is requires, the dative
case^1 of the noun that follows it:
Peter kam mit seiner Schwester.
Peter came with his sister.
where sein “his” has the dative feminine case marker er.
In government/binding theorythe concept of government is based on
Traditional Grammar but it has been more strictly defined and structured
into a complex system to show the relationship of one element in a sentence
to another element.
For example, the verb give in the sentence
She will give them to me.
governs thembecause:
1 giveis a lexical categoryand therefore it can be a governor
2 they are both within a maximal projection, e.g. a verb phrase (see
projection (principle)) and
3 they are in certain structural relationships to each other.
Government / Binding Theory n
a theory of language developed by Chomsky and based on his concept of a
universal grammar. It can be seen as a network of different subtheories
Government/Binding Theory