listening for gist n
also listening for global understanding
listening in order to understand the general meaning of a text without
paying attention to specific details.
listening strategy n
in listening comprehension, a conscious plan to deal with incoming speech,
particularly when the listener experiences problems due to incomplete
understanding, such as by using a clarification strategy.
list intonation n
see intonation contour
literacy nliterate adj
the ability to read and write in a language. The inability to read or write is
known as illiteracy.
Functional literacyrefers to the ability to use reading and writing skills
sufficiently well for the purposes and activities which normally require
literacy in adult life. An inability to meet a certain minimum criterion of
reading and writing skill is known as functional illiteracy. A person who is
able to read and write in two languages is sometimes called biliterate.
In recent years, several different approaches to the study of literacy have
developed in education and applied linguistics, including a linguistic
approach which focuses on oral–written language relationships, language
variation, and genres; a cognitive approach which focuses on perception
and reading, writing and comprehension processes; and a sociocultural
perspective which treats literacy as social practice and deals with issues
such as socialization into literacy, the sociocultural context of literacy, and
the authority of written discourse.
literacy practices n
culture-specific ways of utilizing literacy in everyday life, related to people’s
social roles and identities.
literal comprehension n
see reading
literal translation n
see translation
literary culture n
see oral culture
literary culture