simulation^2 n
classroom activities which reproduce or simulate real situations and which
often involve dramatization and group discussion (see role-play, which
does not include group discussion). In simulation activities, learners
are given roles in a situation, tasks, or a problem to be solved, and are
given instructions to follow (for example, an employer–employee discus-
sion over wage increases in a factory). The participants then make decisions
and proposals. Consequences are “simulated” on the basis of decisions
the participants take. They later discuss their actions, feelings, and what
happened.
simulation-based theories of understanding n
theories that propose that understanding an utterance involves the activa-
tion of perceptual and motor representations. For example, comprehend-
ing a sentence such as Give Bill the pizzainvolves activation of an internal
representation of moving one’s arm forward.
see also embodiment
simultaneous bilingualism n
the acquisition of two languages at the same time both as first languages, for
example, before a child is three years old.
simultaneous interpretation n
see interpretation
singular adj
the form of nouns, verbs, pronouns, etc., used to refer to only one in number.
For example:
singular plural
machine machines
it they/them
sister dependency n
in some syntactic analyses, if two constituents of a sentence are on the
same level of structure, they are considered to be sisters. For example, in
the English sentence:
All the children were laughing.
the noun phrase all the children is a “sister” to the verb phrase were
laughing. They are mutually dependent on each other (sister-dependent).
In a diagram, they would both be under the same node for example:
simulation