B
BAALn
an abbreviation for British Association for Applied Linguistics
babblingn
speech-like sounds produced by very young children.
Babies begin to produce babbling sounds like /dæ/, /mæ/, /næ/, /bæ/, at
the age of about three or four months. At around 9–12 months, real words
begin to be produced.
baby talkn
another term for caretaker speech
backchainingn
another term for backward build-up
back channel cue nback channelling n
see feedback
back formation n
in morphology, a type of word formation through the removal of an
affix from an existing word. For example, speakers of English have formed
the verbs televise, peddle, and babysitfrom television, peddler, and babysitter,
respectively.
New words are more commonly formed by adding affixes to existing words.
background n
see functional sentence perspective
background information^1 n
see grounding
background information^2 n
in translation and interpretation, information about the content of
the source text that facilitates the translator’s or interpreter’s task by
providing definitions of terms and contextual information.
backgroundingn
a grammatical device for shifting the information focus of a sentence (see
functional sentence perspective), such as the use of nominalization
to lesson the focus on a cause or agent.