subjects and the home language for teaching others. This is sometimes
called maintenance bilingual education.
c the partial or total use of the child’s home language when the child enters
school, and a later change to the use of the school language only. This is
sometimes called transitional bilingual educationor early exit bilingual
education.
When the school language is a standard dialect and the child’s home
language a different dialect (e.g. Hawaiian Creole, Black English) this is
sometimes called bidialectal or biloquial education.
see also bilingualism, additive bilingual educationbilingualismn
the use of at least two languages either by an individual (see bilingual)
or by a group of speakers, such as the inhabitants of a particular region or
nation. The use of two languages by an individual is known as individual
bilingualism, and the knowledge of two languages by members of a whole
community or the presence of two languages within a society is called
societal bilingualism. When two languages or language varieties occur in a
society, each having very different communicative functions in different
social domains it is known as diglossia.
see also compound bilingualism, multilingualism
biliterateadj
see literacy
bimodal distributionn
see mode
bi-modal inputn
see subtitles
binary featuren
a property of a phoneme or a word which can be used to describe the
phoneme or word.
A binary feature is either present or absent.
For example, in English a /t/ sounds different from a /d/ because a /d/ is pro-
nounced with the vocal cords vibrating (is voiced), and a /t/ is pronounced
with the vocal cords not vibrating (is voiceless). voice is therefore one of
the features which describe /d/ and /t/. This is usually shown like this:
/d/ [+voice] (=voice present)
/t/ [-voice] (=voice absent)
binary feature