questions. Buzz groups may be used as preparation for a lecture, or as an
activity during a lecture.by-phrasen
in syntax, an optional constituent of a passive sentence headed by byand
containing the logical subject, for example in the sentence The law was
passed by the legislature in 1999, the legislatureis the logical subject or agent,
though not the surface subject. Some languages (Arabic, for example) do
not permit passive by-phrases. Some prepositional phrases headed by by
are not by-phrases in this sense, for example by the riverin John went for a
walk by the river.
by-phrase