- Obesity is associated with an increased resistance to insulin.
- Some obese patients who have type 2 diabetes and who require insulin or oral agents
to control blood glucose levels may be able to reduce or eliminate the need for
medication through weight loss.
- A weight loss as small as 10% of total weight may significantly improve blood
glucose levels
Nutritional Therapy for Type 1 DM
- Meal plan based on the individual‘s usual food intake and is balanced with insulin and
exercise patterns
Nutritional Therapy for Type 2 DM
- Emphasis placed on achieving glucose, lipid, and blood pressure goals
- Calorie reduction
- Food composition
- Individual meal plan developed with a dietitian
- Nutritionally balanced
- Does not prohibit the consumption of any one type of food
Caloric Distribution
- Calculate daily caloric requirement.
- Carbohydrates
- 50% to 60% of caloric intake.
- Majority of calories should come from grains
- Foods high in carbohydrates, such as sucrose, are not eliminated from the diet but
should be eaten in moderation (up to 10% of total calories
- Fats
- 20% to 30% of calories come from fat.
- Limit the amount of saturated fats to 10% of total calories
- Proteins
- 10% to 20% of calories come from protein.