- Use proper footwear and.
- Avoid exercise in extreme heat or cold.
- Inspect feet daily after exercise.
Patients who have blood glucose levels exceeding 250 mg/dL and who have
ketones in their urine should not begin exercising until the urine test results are
negative for ketones and the blood glucose level is closer to normal. Exercising with elevated blood glucose levels increases the secretion of glucagon,
growth hormone, and catecholamines. The liver then releases more glucose, and the
result is an increase in the blood glucose level- Several small carbohydrate snacks can be taken to prevent hypoglycemia
- Before exercising
- At the end of the exercise with strenuous exercise
- At the time with strenuous exercise
- Deduce them from total daily calories
- May need to reduce inlsulin dose
The physiologic decrease in circulating insulin that normally occurs with exercise
cannot occur in patients treated with insulin. Initially, patients who require insulin
should be taught to eat a 15-g carbohydrate snack (a fruit exchange) or a snack of
complex carbohydrates with a protein before engaging in moderate exercise, to
prevent unexpected hypoglycemia. Some patients find that they do not require a pre-exercise snack if they exercise
within 1 to 2 hours after a meal. Other patients may require extra food regardless of
when they exercise. If extra food is required, it need not be deducted from the
regular meal plan.Diabetes Mellitus Exercise
- Best done after meals
- Exercise plans should be individualized
- Monitor blood glucose levels before, during, and after exercise
- Better to exercise at the same time daily when blood sugar at its peak
Monitoring Blood Glucose
- Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)