- Treatment of hypoglycemia
- Mild
- Immediate treatment
- 15 g rapid-acting sugar
- Severe
- Hospitalized
- Intravenous glucose
- Teach patients to carry simple sugar with them
Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Life-threatening illness in type 1
- Hyperglycemia
- Dehydration and electrolyte loss
- Acidosis
- Causes of DKA
- Decreased or missed dose of insulin,
- Illness or infection,
- Undiagnosed and untreated diabetes
- Without insulin, the amount of glucose entering the cells is reduced, and production
and release of glucose by the liver is increased (lead to hyperglycemia).
- Excess glucose leads to polyuria (6.5 L/day) dehydration, sodium and potassium loss
- Burning of fat leads to ketosis
- Kidneys unable to excrete ketones, leads to ketoacidosis