Complication: Diabetic Nephropathy
- Disease of the kidneys (50% of RF due to DM)
- Characterized by albumin in the urine, hypertension, edema, renal insufficiency
- DM is the most common cause of renal failure
- First indication: microalbuminuria
- Treatment: ACE inhibitors, control BP and BS, prevent & treat UTI, low Na &
protein diet.
About 20% to 30% of people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes develop nephropathy, but
fewer of those with type 2 diabetes progress to ESRD.
As renal failure progresses, the catabolism (breakdown) of both exogenous and
endogenous insulin decreases, and frequent hypoglycemic episodes may result.
Complication: Diabetic Neuropathy
- Disorder of the peripheral nerves, spinal cord, and autonomic nervous system