Medical Surgical Nursing

(Tina Sui) #1

Chronic Glomerulonephritis



  • Could be due to repeated episodes of acute glomerulonephritis, hypertensive


nephrosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, glomerular sclerosis



  • Other causes include SLE, DM

  • Kidney size reduce to 1/5th of original size and many scar tissue formed leading to


ESRF.


Chronic Glomerulonephritis/ S&S



  • Many are asymptomatic
    -? Discovered when patient diagnosed with Hypertension.
    -? severe nosebleed, a stroke, or a seizure, swollen feet at night.

  • Heneral symptoms, such as loss of weight and strength, increasing irritability,


nocturia, Headaches, dizziness, and digestive disturbances.



  • Finally, S&S of renal failure.


Medical Management



  • Control BP: Na & water restriction, antihypertensive drug

  • Monitor weight.

  • Diuretics.

  • Adequate CHO diet to spare protien

  • Treat UTI
    -? Dialysis.


Nephrotic Syndrome



  • Is a cluster of clinical findings, including:



  1. Marked increase in protein (particularly albumin) in the urine (proteinuria)

  2. Decrease in albumin in the blood (hypoalbuminemia)

  3. Edema (periorbital, ascites, and dependent edema)

  4. High serum cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (hyperlipidemia)

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