Nursing intervention
Explain importance of monthly breast self-examination
Encourage patient to seek medical evaluation if nodule forms, because cystic
disease may interfere with early diagnosis of breast malignancy
Malignant Neoplasms: Breast Cancer
Second major cause of cancer death among women. Statistics indicate that 1 in 10 will
develop cancer sometime during her life.
The key to cure is early detection by physical examination, mammography, and breast
self-examination.
Risk factors for Breast Cancer
Female gender
Increasing age
Personal history of breast cancer
Family history of breast cancer
Genetic mutations (BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 mutations are responsible for majority of
inherited breast cancer cases)
Late menopause
Nulliparity
Hormonal factors: Early menarche, First child after 30 years of age, Hormone
therapy (HT)
Exposure to ionizing radiation during adolescence and early adulthood
History of benign proliferative breast disease