Medical Surgical Nursing

(Tina Sui) #1

Pathophysiology



  • Tissue destruction results from coagulation, protein denaturation, or ionization of


cellular contents.



  • skin and the mucosa of the upper airways are the sites of tissue destruction

  • Disruption of the skin can lead to increased fluid loss, infection, hypothermia,


scarring, compromised immunity, and changes in function, appearance, and body
image.



  • Burns that do not exceed 25% TBSA produce a primarily local response. Burns that


exceed 25% TBSA may produce both a local and a


Cardiovascular Alterations



  • Hypovolemia is the immediate consequence of fluid loss and results in decreased


perfusion and oxygen delivery.



  • Cardiac output decreases and BP decrease.

  • SNS releases adrenaline, resulting in peripheral vasoconstriction and increase in HR.

  • Patient needs immediate fluid replacement.

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