Medical Surgical Nursing

(Tina Sui) #1

Brudzinski’s Sign


When the patient's neck is flexed (after ruling out cervical trauma or injury), flexion of


the knees and hips is produced; when the lower extremity of one side is passively


flexed, a similar movement is seen in the opposite extremity


Assessment and Diagnostic Findings



  • Bacterial culture and Gram staining of CSF and blood are key diagnostic tests
    (Fischbach, 2002).

  • The presence of polysaccharide antigen in CSF further supports the diagnosis of


bacterial meningitis


Medical Management



  • Prevention by vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae and S. pneumoniae for all


children and all at-risk adults



  • Early administration of high doses of appropriate IV antibiotics (should cross BBB)
    for bacterial meningitis

  • Dexamethasone

  • Treatment dehydration, shock, and seizures


Nursing Management



  • Frequent/continual assessment including VS and LOC

  • Protect patient form injury related to seizure activity or altered LOC

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