Medical Surgical Nursing

Goal: Maintenance of normal body temperature, free from infection

10. Ineffective breathing pattern related to ascites and restriction of thoracic

excursion secondary to ascites, abdominal distention, and fluid in the thoracic

cavity

Goal: Improved respiratory status

Collaborative Problem

1. Gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhage

Goal: Absence of episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhage

2. Hepatic encephalopathy

Goal: Absence of changes in cognitive status and of injury

Cancer of The Liver

 Hepatic tumors may be malignant or benign. Benign liver occur with the use of

oral contraceptives in women in their reproductive years.

 Malignant tumors could be primary or metastasized from other sites.

Primary Liver Tumors

 Few cancers originate in the liver.