Increased prevalence of gallstones. Decreased gallbladder contraction after a meal. More severe complications of biliary tract disease.ASSESSMENT HEALTH HISTORY
If liver function test results are abnormal, the patient may need to be evaluated
for liver disease. So look if the client :- Was exposed to hepatotoxic substances or infectious agents.
- Patient‘s occupational, recreational, and travel nhistory may assist in
identifying exposure to hepatotoxins - Patient‘s history of alcohol and drug use
- Lifestyle behaviors (Injectable drug use, sexual practices )
- Current and past medical conditions, previous blood transfusion.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Assess the patient for pallor, jaundice (skin, mucosa, and sclerae), and the
extremities are assessed for muscle atrophy, edema, and skin excoriation
secondary to scratching. Observe the skin for petechiae or ecchymotic areas (bruises), spider angiomas,
and palmar erythema. Assess male patient for unilateral or bilateral gynecomastia and testicular
atrophy due to endocrine changes. Asses patient‘s cognitive status (recall, memory, abstract thinking) and
neurologic status are assessed. Palpate abdomen to assess liver size and to detect any tenderness over the liver.
A palpable liver presents as a firm, sharp edge with a smooth surface Tenderness of the liver implies recent acute enlargement with consequent
stretching of the liver capsule. Enlargement of the liver is an abnormal finding requiring evaluation.