A History of Western Philosophy

BERTRAND RUSSELL

A HISTORY OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY And Its Connection with Political and Social

Circumstances from the Earliest Times to the Present Day

SIMON AND SCHUSTER, NEW YORK

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INCLUDING THE RIGHT OF REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR

IN PART IN ANY FORM COPYRIGHT, 1945 , BY BERTRAND RUSSELL PUBLISHED BY

SIMON AND SCHUSTER, INC. ROCKEFELLER CENTER, 1230 SIXTH AVENUE NEW

YORK 20, N. Y.

Fourth Printing

MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY AMERICAN BOOK-
STRATFORD PRESS, INC., N. Y.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface by Author

ix

Introduction xiii