The terms on the left give the emotional content of the terms on the right, and it is this
emotional content, familiar to those who have had a Christian or a Jewish upbringing, that
makes Marx's eschatology credible. A similar dictionary could be made for the Nazis, but their
conceptions are more purely Old Testament and less Christian than those of Marx, and their
Messiah is more analagous to the Maccabees than to Christ.
III. THE PELAGIAN CONTROVERSYMuch of the most influential part of Saint Augustine's theology was concerned in combating the
Pelagian heresy. Pelagius was a Welshman, whose real name was Morgan, which means "man
of the sea," as "Pelagius" does in Greek. He was a cultivated and agreeable ecclesiastic, less
fanatical than many of his contemporaries. He believed in free will, questioned the doctrine of
original sin, and thought that, when men act virtuously, it is by virtue of their own moral effort.
If they act rightly, and are orthodox, they go to heaven as a reward. of their virtues.
These views, though they may now seem commonplace, caused, at the time, a great commotion,
and were, largely through Saint Augustine's efforts, declared heretical. They had, however, a
considerable temporary success. Augustine had to write to the patriarch of Jerusalem to warn
him against the wily heresiarch, who had persuaded many Eastern theologians to adopt his
views. Even after his condemnation, other people, called semi-Pelagians, advocated weakened
forms of his doctrines. It was a long time before the purer teaching of the Saint was completely
victorious, especially in France,