surprise, as test of error, 822
Surrey, 468
survival of the fittest, 54 , 205 , 725 , 726 , 780
Sweden, 560
Swedenborg., Emanuel, Swedish scientist, philosopher and religious
writer ( 1688-1772), 679 , 705 , 706
Swift, Jonathan, English satirist ( 1667-1745), 648
Swineshead, English scholastic philosopher (fl. 15th cent.), 472 *
Switzerland, 760
Sybaris, 30
Sydney, Algernon, English republican leader and martyr ( 1622-1683),
722
syllogism(s), 196 , 197 , 198 -199, 202 , 258 , 543 , 544
Sylvester I (St.), Pope (reigned 314-335), 391 392
Sylvester II (Gerbert), Pope (reigned 999-1003), 385 , 388 , 409 , 416
symbols, and mathematics, 155 , 156
Symmachus, Roman court official under Theodoric the Great (fl. ca. 440-
500), 337 , 373
Symmachus, Quintus Aurelius, Roman statesman (fl. 4th cent.), 337 , 350
, 373
sympathy, 771
Symposium ( Plato), 80 , 90 , 288
Symposium ( Xenophon), 90 -91
synagogues, 312
syncretism, 326
syndicalism, 791
Synoptic Gospels, 285 , 326
syntax, 154 , 157 , 164 , 830 831
synthesis, 304. 478 ; and Hegel, 732. See also mediaeval synthesis
Syracuse, 80 , 106 , 119 , 123 , 191 , 217 , 271 , 383 , 396