1478 INDEX
nonreentrant.c, 424
Nordmark, E., 1194
NPTL (Native POSIX Threads Library),
457, 592, 600, 603, 606, 607, 609,
668, 682, 687, 688, 689, 692–694,
696, 987
Pthreads nonconformances, 693
NSIG constant, 408
ntohl(), 1199
prototype, 1199
ntohs(), 1199
prototype, 1199
NTP (Network Time Protocol), 204,
205, 1442
NULL pointer, casting inside variadic
function call, 1413–1415
null signal, 403, 458
numbers-and-dots notation (IPv4
address), 1231
NX (no execute) protection (x86-32),
793, 1022O
O_ACCMODE constant, 93
O_APPEND constant, 74, 75, 92, 93, 96,
110, 306
example of use, 519
O_ASYNC constant, 74, 75, 93, 1281, 1347.
See also signal-driven I/O
example of use, 1349
O_CLOEXEC constant, 74, 75, 98, 894
O_CREAT constant, 74, 76, 90, 107, 1059,
1065, 1109, 1145, 1146
example of use, 71, 84
O_DIRECT constant, 74, 76, 93, 246
example of use, 248
O_DIRECTORY constant, 74, 76
O_DSYNC constant, 74, 76, 243
O_EXCL constant, 74, 76, 90, 109, 791, 1059,
1065, 1109, 1145
O_FSYNC constant, 242
O_LARGEFILE constant, 74, 76, 93, 105
O_NDELAY constant, 104
O_NOATIME constant, 74, 76, 93, 265, 800
O_NOCTTY constant, 74, 77, 706, 707,
768, 1380
O_NOFOLLOW constant, 74, 77
O_NONBLOCK constant, 74, 77, 93, 96,
103–104, 377, 472, 508, 894,
915–918, 1065, 1068, 1071, 1072,
1073, 1075, 1139, 1153, 1158,
1175, 1254, 1260, 1281, 1308,
1326, 1330, 1347. See also
nonblocking I/O
example of use, 917, 1349, 1372O_RDONLY constant, 73, 74, 1060, 1065, 1109
example of use, 71
O_RDWR constant, 73, 74, 1060, 1065,
1109, 1380
example of use, 84
O_RSYNC constant, 243
O_SYNC constant, 74, 77, 93, 241, 250, 267
performance impact, 242
O_TRUNC constant, 74, 77, 1109, 1139, 1146
example of use, 71
O_WRONLY constant, 73, 74, 1060, 1065
example of use, 71
objdump command, 844
object library, 834
OCRNL constant, 1296, 1302
OFDEL constant, 1302, 1303
off_t data type, 65, 66, 81, 82, 98, 102, 103,
104, 106, 244, 280, 757, 759,
1020, 1125, 1261
casting in printf() calls, 107
off64_t data type, 105
offsetof(), 357
OFILL constant, 1302, 1303
OLCUC constant, 1302, 1303
OLD_TIME constant, 820, 822
on_exit(), 532, 535–536, 866
example of use, 537
prototype, 535
one_time_init.c, 1431
ONLCR constant, 1296, 1298, 1302
ONLRET constant, 1296, 1302
ONOCR constant, 1296, 1302
OOM killer, 1039
opaque (data type), 621
open file description, 94
diagram, 95
open file status flags, 75, 93–94, 95, 96,
518, 613
open file table, 94
Open Group, The, 13
Open Software Foundation (OSF), 13
Open Source Development Laboratory
(OSDL), 18
open(), 70, 72–78, 96, 286, 345, 426, 673,
801, 1139, 1142, 1145, 1146
directories and, 76
example of use, 71, 73, 84, 302
FIFOs and, 916
interrupted by signal handler, 444
prototype, 72
returns lowest available file
descriptor, 73
RLIMIT_NOFILE resource limit and, 762
symbolic links and, 77
OPEN_MAX constant, 214, 215