The Linux Programming Interface

INDEX 1479

open64(), 105
openat(), 15, 365–366, 426, 674
prototype, 365
OpenBSD, 7
opendir(), 345, 352, 355
example of use, 356
prototype, 352
openlog(), 777–779
example of use, 780
prototype, 777
openpty(), 1386
operating system, 21, 1438, 1444
oplock (opportunistic lock), 1142
OPOST constant, 1296, 1298, 1302, 1305
example of use, 1311
opportunistic lock, 1142
optarg variable, 1406
opterr variable, 1406
optind variable, 1406
optopt variable, 1406
O’Reilly, T., 1444
ORIGIN (in rpath list), 853
Orlov block-allocation strategy, 307, 1438
orphan.c, 1430
orphaned process, 553
orphaned process group, 533, 725–730
diagram, 726
terminal read() and, 730
terminal write() and, 730
orphaned_pgrp_SIGHUP.c, 728
OSDL (Open Source Development
Laboratory), 18
OSF (Open Software Foundation), 13
OSF/1, 4
ouch.c, 399
out-of-band data, 394, 1259, 1260, 1283,
1288, 1331, 1343

P
P_ALL constant, 550
P_PGID constant, 550
P_PID constant, 550
packet mode (pseudoterminal), 1342, 1389
Padhye, J., 1194
page (virtual memory), 119
page fault, 119
page frame, 119
diagram, 120
page size
determining at run time, 214
on various hardware architectures, 119
page table, 224, 879
diagram, 120, 521, 1026
paged memory management unit
(PMMU), 120

Pai, R., 1445

PARENB constant, 1303, 1305

parent directory, 27

parent process, 31, 513, 515, 553

signaled on death of child, 555

parent process ID, 32, 114–115, 608, 613

Pariag, D., 1439

parity (terminal I/O), 1305

PARMRK constant, 1302, 1305

example of use, 1311

PARODD constant, 1303, 1305

partial write, 80, 891, 1254

Partridge, C., 1194, 1444

PASC (Portable Applications Standards

Committee), 11

passive close (TCP), 1272

passive open (socket), 1155

passive socket, 1156

passwd command, 169

passwd structure, 157

definition, 157

example of use, 159

password encryption, 162–166

password file, 153–155

retrieving records from, 157–158, 160

PATH environment variable, 34, 567,

568–570, 791

path MTU, 1185

PATH_MAX constant, 214, 215, 350

pathconf(), 217–218, 345, 425, 426

prototype, 217

pathname, 28

absolute, 29, 367

maximum length of, 214

parsing, 370–372

relative, 29, 363

resolving, 369–370

pause(), 418, 426, 673

example of use, 401

prototype, 418

Paxson, V., 1194

pclose(), 902–903, 919

example of use, 905

prototype, 902

pdflush kernel thread, 241, 768, 1032

PDP-11, 2, 3, 391

Peach, J., xxxix

Peek (2001), xxxii, 1442

Peek, J., 1442

Peikari (2004), 795, 1442

Peikari, C., 1442

PENDIN constant, 1303

perror(), 49–50

prototype, 49

persistence, 886