Medical-surgical Nursing Demystified

(Sean Pound) #1

CHAPTER 5 Nervous System^221



  • Administer antibiotic intravenously, depending on organism:

    • nafcillin sodium (penicillinase-resistant penicillin)

    • penicillin G benzathine

    • chloramphenicol

    • metronidazole

    • vancomycin



  • Administer corticosteroids in divided doses to decrease inflammation:

    • dexamethasone—taper dose down before stopping



  • Administer anticonvulsants to reduce seizure risk; watch for drug interactions:

    • phenytoin

    • phenobarbital



  • Administer osmotic diuretics to decrease cerebral edema:

    • mannitol




NURSING DIAGNOSES



  • Risk for disturbed thought process

  • Risk for falls


NURSING INTERVENTION



  • Assess the patient’s ability to think, reason, and remember.

  • Assess the patient’s speech capabilities.

  • Assess the patient’s movement and senses.

  • Assess the patient’s cranial nerve function.

  • Monitor vital signs.

  • Monitor fluid intake and output.

  • Monitor for signs of infection in post-operative patients.

  • Monitor for side effects of medications.

  • Explain to the patient:

    • Need for continued antibiotic treatments.

    • How to administer IV antibiotics at home, how to monitor IV access, and
      when to call for problems.

    • Need for follow up CT scan or MRI imaging for monitoring.



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