(^306) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
NURSING INTERVENTION
- Monitor vital signs for changes—drop in BP, increase in pulse or respiration.
- Monitor intake and output.
- Replace volume lost.
- Monitor abdomen for bowel sounds, tenderness, distention.
- Maintain large bore IV (14- to 18-gauge) access.
- Assess IV site for signs of redness or swelling.
- Monitor lab results—drop in lab values may lag behind blood loss.
- Monitor during blood transfusion as per institution protocol for checking
blood unit, patient identity, frequency of vital signs, and documentation.
Gastritis
WHAT WENT WRONG?
Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining due to either erosion or atrophy.
Erosive causes include stresses such as physical illness or medications such as
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Atrophic causes include a his-
tory of prior surgery (such as gastrectomy), pernicious anemia, alcohol use, or
Helicobacter pyloriinfection.PROGNOSIS
Gastritis may cause changes within the cells of the stomach lining leading to mal-
nutrition, lymphoma, or gastric cancer. Hospitalized patients, especially in criti-
cal care settings, should have preventive medications to avoid the development
of gastritis.HALLMARK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Nausea and vomiting
- Anorexia
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