Medical-surgical Nursing Demystified

(Sean Pound) #1

CHAPTER 7 Gastrointestinal System^321



  • Administer histamine-2 blockers:

    • famotidine, ranitidine, nizatidine



  • Administer proton pump inhibitors:

    • omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole



  • Administer mucosal barrier fortifiers:

    • sucralfate



  • Administer prostaglandin analogue:

    • misoprostol



  • Adjust diet.

  • Treat H. pyloriinfection if present with combination therapy:

    • Proton pump inhibitor plus clarithromycin plus amoxicillin or

    • Proton pump inhibitor plus metronidazole plus clarithromycin or

    • Bismuth subsalicylate plus metronidazole plus tetracycline.




NURSING DIAGNOSES



  • Acute pain

  • Risk for imbalanced nutrition: less than what body requires

  • Risk for imbalanced nutrition: more than what body requires


NURSING INTERVENTION



  • Monitor vital signs.

  • Monitor intake and output.

  • Assess abdomen for bowel sounds, tenderness, rigidity, rebound pain, guarding.

  • Monitor stool for change in color, consistency, blood.

  • Teach patient about home care:

    • Diet modification to avoid acidic foods, caffeine, peppermint, alcohol.

    • Eat more frequent, small meals.

    • Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication.

    • Stop smoking.



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