(^438) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
NURSING DIAGNOSES
- Impaired gas exchange
- Risk for injury
- Reduced cardiac output
NURSING INTERVENTION
- Monitor intake and output.
- Monitor vital signs for changes.
- Monitor cardiovascular status for changes in heart rate, rhythm.
- Monitor labs for electrolyte balance.
- Explain to the patient:
- Avoid foods high in magnesium.
- Avoid magnesium-based medications.
Metabolic Acidosis
WHAT WENT WRONG?
The acid-base balance of the blood is thrown off, causing it to become more
acidic. There is an arterial pH of less than 7.35. There may be an overproduction
of hydrogen ions (lactic acidosis in fever or seizures, diabetic ketoacidosis, star-
vation, alcohol or aspirin intake), deficient elimination of hydrogen ions (renal
failure), deficient production of bicarbonate ions (renal failure, pancreatic insuffi-
ciency), or excess elimination of bicarbonate ions (diarrhea).PROGNOSIS
Correction or management of the underlying cause is necessary to help restore the
acid-base balance.HALLMARK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Lethargy due to increased hydrogen ion concentration in blood
- Muscle weakness bilaterally due to neuromuscular manifestations
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