The Handy Math Answer Book

Viète, François, 24

word problems, 135

Algebraic equations, 133–39

Algebraic structure, 160

Algorithms, 22, 112–13,

367–68

Alhambra Palace, 375, 377

Alteration, 108

Alternate angles, 175

Altitude, 307–8

a.m., 397, 398–99

American Mathematical

Society, 443, 446

American Statistical Associa-

tion, 446

Amorites, 8, 10

Amortization, 414–15

Analog computer, 360

Analytic geometry, 165. See

alsoGeometric measure-

ments; Geometry; Plane

geometry; Solid geometry;

Trigonometry

Argand diagram, 199

asymptotic curve, 199

Cartesian coordinate sys-

tem, 195

conic section, 198, 198

(ill.)

coordinate system,

192–93

definition of, 192

developers of, 193

functions, 196

graphs, 192, 195, 196

one-to-one function, 198

point-slope equation of a

line, 196

polar coordinates,

198–99, 199 (ill.)

quadrants, 193, 194 (ill.)

slope measure, 196

three-dimensional Carte-

sian coordinates, 194

(ill.), 195

two-dimensional Carte-

sian coordinates, 193,

194 (ill.)

y-intercept, 196

Analytical Engine, 355

The Andromeda Strain

(movie), 457

Anemometer, 405

Aneroid barometer, 404

Angles, 173 (ill.), 173–75,

174 (ills.), 175 (ill.), 200,

200 (ill.), 297, 299 (ill.)

Angstrom, 284

Annual fee, 413

Annual Percentage Rate

(APR), 412, 413

Antiderivatives, 231

Antidifferentiation, 231

Antiphon, 210

Apollonius of Perga, 166

Apothecaries’ ounce, 48

Apothem, 188

Applied mathematics. See

alsoProbability; Statistics

changes in, 243–44

and computers, 244–45,

245 (ill.)

definition of, 243

game theory, 271

growth of, 243

image processing, 245,

245 (ill.)

information theory,

270–71

mathematical models,

266–68, 268 (ill.)

Monte Carlo method, 270

numerical analysis, 269

operations research, 269,

270, 271

optimization, 270

simulation, 268–69

uses of, 244

Arabic notation, 23

Arabs, 22

Arc length, 184

Archimedes

area of circle, 190

bathtub story, 19

calculus, 210–11

Gauss compared to, 30

mathematical analysis,

210–11

mathematical contribu-

tions, 16–17

mechanics, 166

pi, 39–40

Architecture, 332–33

famous structures built

using mathematics,

337, 338 (ill.)

golden ratio, 333–34, 334

(ill.), 335 (ill.)

and mathematics, 333,

336

proportion, 338

pyramids, 334–35

ratio, 338

Renaissance, 335

scale drawings, 337–38

Stonehenge, 335–36, 337

(ill.)

suspension bridge, 333

symmetry, 338–39, 339

(ill.)

Vitruvius, 336, 338

Area, 188, 464, 479–81

Argand diagram, 199

Argand, Jean Robert, 199

Argument, 104

Aristarchus of Samos, 288

Aristotelian logic, 105–6

Aristotle, 17 (ill.), 33, 104–5,

105 (ill.)

Arithmetic. See alsoMathe-

matical operations; Num-

bers

advanced concepts in,

67–68

and computers, 68–69, 69

(ill.)

definition, 67

first book published on,

68

modular, 82 (ill.), 82–83

progression, 68

Arithmetic mean, 259

Arithmetic progression, 68,

216

Arithmetic sequence, 216

Arithmetic series, 216

Arithmetical instructions, 68

Arithmetical operations, 68

Arithmetical units, 68–69

Arithmometer, 355

Aronofsky, Darren, 457

Arquette, Patricia, 457

484 Array, 156

Handy Math BM 8/19/07 5:18 PM Page 484