- Direct microscopic examination of urine (stained or
unstained) has the reliability of about 85-90% of colony
count. - Microscopic detection of pus cells in urine is less sensitive
and produces more negative results. - Bacteruria may occur in:
- 10% of pregnant ladies.
- 15% of diabetic patients.
- 20% of patients with prostatic enlargement.
- 95% of patients with catheter for more than 2 days without
prophylactic antibiotics.
v. Glycosuria:
May occur in:- Hyperglycaemia which may be endocrinal (e.g. in D.M.) or
non endocrinal (as liver disease) or due to administration of
hormones (e.g. corticosteroids, A.C.T.H., thyroid and
adrenaline drugs). - In renal tubular defects e.g. renal diabetes, heavy metal
poisoning or Fanconi syndrome.
N.B.
In renal glycosuria, hypoglycaemic attacks may occur. At the same
time someone may wrongly give hypoglycaemic drugs which are
dangerous in such cases so caution should be taken on diet and treatment
of glycosuria.
Concomitant hyperglycaemia should be detected before giving
hypoglycaemic drugs.