D. KIDNEY BIOPSY:
Kidney Biopsy is performed to obtain kidney tissue for histological
examination in order to take therapeutic decision and to judge the
prognosis of the renal disease.
Indications:
For all adults with nephrotic syndrome, children with steroid
resistant nephrotic syndrome and patients with renal impairment of
unknown etiology.
Complications:
- Peri-renal haematoma which is extremely common but of
significance only in 1% of cases.
- Bleeding which could be microscopic or gross with clot retention.
- Intra-renal A-V fistula which usually closes spontaneously.
E. RADIOLOGIC EXAMINATION OF THE KIDNEY
AND THE URINARY TRACT:
During the last decade a great progress has been achieved in
imaging techniques of the kidney and urinary tract. We have to select the
procedure which is the simplest, least invasive, most informative and
which saves time for the patient.
- Ultrasonography (U.S.):
Ultrasound examination of the kidney and urinary tract is either
through B-mode scan, Doppler flow examination of renal vessels or
duplex ultrasound scanning.
B-mode U.S. imaging is the usual examination requested. Renal
ultrasonography should be the first radiologic procedure performed on
