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helpful in the measurement of the total or individual kidney GFR (DTPA)
or effective renal plasma flow (MAG3 or Hippuran).



  1. Magentic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
    The principle of MRI is the excitation of the nuclei of atoms such
    as hydrogen in tissues with radiowaves, and detection of echo radiation
    from these nuclei when the radio source is removed. Thus, the MRI
    provides information at the cellular level. Currently, this recent technique
    provides excellent anatomical informations (Figure 2.11) which are very
    helpful in studying malignancies of the urinary tract and assessment of
    renal vessels.

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