creatinine. Few days or weeks (mean 2-3 weeks) are needed for tubular
regeneration and recovery of kidney function to occur.
II. Acute Intrinsic Renal Failure
This includes acute tubular necrosis (ATN), acute interstitial
nephritis and acute glomerulonephritis. In this chapter we will focus on
ATN. Details of the other two categories are found in chapters 3&6.
Acute Tubular Necrosis
Acute tubular necrosis can be induced by renal hypoperfusion
(ischemia) or exposure to nephrotoxins (exogenous or endogenous toxins)
and frequently by a combination of both. These two types of insults
(ischaemic and toxic) will now be reviewed individually.
Causes of Ischaemic ATN:
A- Blood Loss
- Haemorrhage (post partum, surgical or gastrointestinal).
B- Fluid Loss
- Gastrointestinal (vomiting or diarrhoea)
- Renal (aggressive diuresis or polyuria)
C- Third Space
• Management
• Dialysis
• Pyelonephritis.........................................................
