Diabetic nephropathy is one of the common causes of CFR.
Analgesic nephropathy occurs with most of non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin. Analgesic nephropathy is a
cumulative effect needing a long term drug administration. Nearly an
amount of 2-3 kgm of aspirin is needed for chronic renal failure to occur.
This condition is frequently seen in patients with chronic pain as those
with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF CHRONIC RENAL
FAILURE:
Fig. 5.1 summarizes the clinical features of the uraemic syndrome.
The details of this features include:
I. Gastrointestinal Manifestations:
a. Mouth:
The high concentration of urea in saliva causes unpleasant taste
(taste of ammonia) and uraemic odour of the mouth (ammoniacal smell).
The tongue appears dry, dirty, brown or white coated and may be
ulcerated. Later, stomatitis, ulceration of the mouth and pharynx may
occur. The mouth is always dry due to dehydration and mouth breathing.
Dental caries is also common.