A. Inspiration:
Air drawn into lungs
Lungs
expand
Diaphragm contracts
and flattens
Pectoralis
minor
muscles
contract
Intercostal
muscles
contract
Sternocleidomastoid
muscle elevates
sternum
B. Expiration:
Air forced out of lungs
Lungs
contract
Pectoralis
minor
muscles
relax
Intercostal
muscles
relax
Diaphragm relaxes
and moves up
4–84 Identify words in Figure 4–6 that mean process of breathing air
into the lungs:
out of the lungs:
4–85 During inspiration, the diaphragm and the inter/cost/al muscles contract.
As their name implies, the muscles between adjacent ribs are known as the
/ / muscles.
4–86 Examine Figure 4–6A and B and use the term ascends or descends to com-
plete this frame.
During inspiration (or inhalation), the diaphragm.
During expiration (or exhalation), the diaphragm.
4–87 Recall that aer/ois the CF for.
4–88 Aer/o/phobia is a fear of air, drafts of air, airborne influences, or “bad air”
(body odor).
The medical word that means fear of air is
/ /.
Frame 4–77to Frame 4–88
Respiratory System • CHAPTER 4 127
Figure 4-6Position of the diaphragm during (A)inspiration and (B)expiration.
inter/cost/al
ĭn-tĕr-KŎS-tăl
aer/o/phobia
ĕr-ō-FŌ-bē-ă
descends
ascends
inspiration or inhalation
ĭn-spĭ-RĀ-shŭn,
ĭn-hă-LĀ-shŭn
expiration or exhalation
ĕks-pĭ-RĀ-shŭn,
ĕks-hă-LĀ-shŭn
A B
air