SECTION REVIEW 7-1
For the following medical terms, first write the suffix and its meaning. Then translate the meaning of the
remaining elements starting with the first part of the word. The first word is completed for you.
Term Meaning- glomerul/o/scler/osis -osis: abnormal condition, increase (used primarily with blood cells);
glomerulus; hardening, sclera (white of the eye)- cyst/o/scopy
- poly/uria
- lith/o/tripsy
- dia/lysis
- ureter/o/stenosis
- meat/us
- ur/emia
- nephr/oma
- azot/emia
Competency Verification:Check your answers in Appendix B: Answer Key, page 582. If you are not satisfied with
your level of comprehension, review the vocabulary and retake the review.
Correct Answers × 10 = % Score
MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURES
The macroscopic structures that make up the urinary system include two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra.
Kidneys
7–1 Label urinary structures in Figure 7–2 as you read the following material.
The urinary system is composed of a (1) right kidney and a left kidney. These are
the primary structural units responsible for urine formation. Each kidney is com-
posed of an outer layer, called the (2) renal cortex, and an inner region, called the
(3) renal medulla.Blood enters the kidneys through the (4) renal arteryand leaves
through the (5) renal vein.Inside the kidney, the renal artery branches into smaller
arteries called arterioles that lead into microscopic filtering units called nephrons.
Each (6) nephronis designed to filter urea and other waste products effectively from
the blood.282 CHAPTER 7• Urinary System
Boldfaceindicates a word root or combining form. Blueindicates a suffix. Pinkindicates a prefix.