Medical Terminology Simplified

7–80 Presence of ren/al calculi increases the risk of urinary tract infections

(UTIs) because they obstruct the free flow of urine. Untreated obstruction of a stone

in any of the urin/ary structures can also result in retention of urine and damage to

the kidney. (See Fig. 7–8.)

Build a word that means abnormal condition of water (urine) in the kidney:

__________ / _____ / ____________________ / __________

7–81 A person who suffers from hydr/o/nephr/osis may experience pain,

hemat/uria, and py/uria. Blood or pus may be present in the urine.

Build medical words that mean

blood in the urine: ____________________ / __________

protein in the urine:____________________ / __________

7–82 Kidney disease diminishes the kidney’s capacity to form urine.

Build a word that means diminished or scanty amount of urine formation:

__________ / __________

7–83 Py/uria refers to the presence of an excessive number of white blood cells in

urine. It is generally a sign of a urinary tract infection.

A viral infection of the bladder and urethra may result in the condition called

__________ / __________.

7–84 The prefix poly-means many, much. Combine poly-and -uriato build a

word that

means excessive urination: __________ / __________

7–85 Poly/cyst/ic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary condition in which the

kidneys are enlarged and contain many cysts. Renal failure commonly develops over

time, requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation.

Identify terms in this frame that mean

pertaining to many cysts: __________ / __________ / __________

pertaining to the kidney:__________/ __________

7–86 Noct/uria refers to urination at night. If a child has a tendency to urinate at

night, the condition is known as __________ / __________.

7–87 Continence is the ability to control urination and defecation. A person

who has urinary continence is able to control urination. A person with urinary

in/continence is not able to control ____________________.

Boldfaceindicates a word root or combining form. Blueindicates a suffix. Pinkindicates a prefix.

302 CHAPTER 7• Urinary System

hydr/o/nephr/osis

hī-drō-nĕf-RŌ-sĭs

hemat/uria

hĕm-ă-TŪ-rē-ă

protein/uria

prō-tēn-Ū-rē-ă

olig/uria

ŏl-ĭg-Ū-rē-ă

py/uria

pī-Ū-rē-ă

poly/uria

pŏl-ē-Ū-rē-ă

poly/cyst/ic

pŏl-ē-SĬS-tĭk

ren/al

RĒ-năl

urination orurine

ū-rĭ-NĀ-shŭn

noct/uria

nŏk-TŪ-rē-ă