The Scientist - USA (2021-12)

12.2021 | THE SCIENTIST 39

The Native

Antigen Company

SARS-CoV-2

Neutralization Assay

Development Kits

A few years ago, the World Health Orga-

nization added “Disease X” to its short list

of emerging diseases—a placeholder for

unknown pathogens with pandemic poten-

tial. Researchers at The Native Antigen

Company, a UK-based group that designs

reagents for infectious disease research,

speculated in November 2019 that one can-

didate might be a coronavirus, one that

would likely arise in Asia and spread from

animals. Then came SARS-CoV-2.

By spring 2021, The Native Antigen Com-

pany had developed a coronavirus neutraliza-

tion assay to determine a serum sample’s level

of antibodies that bind, and therefore neutral-

ize, the virus. The assay uses synthetic versions

of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein’s receptor

binding domain and its target, the mammalian

ACE-2 receptor, and pairs them with an ELISA-

based platform that quantifies the neutraliz-

ing ability of the antibodies via a color change,

explains the company’s Commercial Director,

Andrew Lane. Researchers can use this tool to

probe how patients respond to infection and to

study vaccine efficacy, among other applica-

tions, he adds.

The kit doesn’t require live virus and

is speedy compared to methods that use

benign, engineered viruses called pseudo-

viruses, according to Lane. Since the first

kit was released in April 2021, the company

has produced assays for five variants. “It’s

a bit like a plug-and-play system for us. We

can make kits with different variants quite

quickly,” Lane says. Each kit analyzes 960

samples and costs $2,728.

“Overall, we’re very happy with its

response,” says Matthew Edmans, a

postdoctoral researcher at the Univer-

sity of Oxford who is using the assay to

study how patients on immunomodula-

tory drugs respond to SARS-CoV-2 infec-

tion. Edmans also uses pseudoviruses,

but agrees they can be “quite compli-

cated,” while The Native Antigen Com-

pany’s assay “is just a lot faster and more

straightforward to run.”

KAMDAR:"Needed to assess the protection

and longevity of patient immunity to emerging

variants. This is all done without the need for

BSL3 facilities, thereby providing a safer alter-

native for these critical public health questions."

Mission Bio

TapestriSingle-cell

Multi-omics Solution

Mission Bio’s Tapestri Single-cell Multi-

omics Solution, launched in October 2020,

is a process for single-cell analysis that

allows users to consider DNA sequence

and proteomic information simultaneously—

an innovation on traditional setups that

required separate systems to analyze

nucleic acids and proteins, which could

therefore not be correlated at the single-

cell level. Mission Bio’s Tapestri Precision

Genomics Platform earned a spot in The Sci-

entist’s Top 10 Innovations of 2018 and was

the first high-throughput instrument for single-

cell DNA sequencing sample prep. “We were

then able to add other analytes, such as pro-

teins, subsequently,” says Adam Sciambi,

Mission Bio’s cofounder and senior director

of technology & systems.

With the Tapestri Single-cell Multi-omics

Solution, assays for DNA and protein are com-

bined in a single integrated workflow that can

analyze up to 10,000 cells at a time. The Tap-

estri instrument uses microfluidics to capture

individual cells in droplets that contain both the

reagents for DNA sequencing and antibodies

for tagging cell-surface proteins, plus a barcod-

ing bead. “The result of our platform is every

piece of DNA comes out labeled as telling you

which droplet it came from,” says Sciambi. The

DNA is then sequenced using next-generation

sequencing, and the cells’ surface proteins are

characterized. Mission Bio declined to disclose

the cost of the platform.

Molecular biologist Jan Cools of the VIB-

KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology in Bel-

gium has used the Tapestri platform to investi-

gate mutations underlying acute lymphoblastic

leukemia (ALL). He is now planning to use

Mission Bio’s Tapestri Single-cell Multi-omics

Solution to obtain additional information on

cell-surface markers, a setup he says will be

especially useful for studying a different type of

blood cancer, acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

In AML, some leukemia cells are known to be

more stem cell–like, while others are more dif-

ferentiated, a difference that could be captured

by looking at cell surface markers and

sequencing data, Cools says.

KAMDAR:"Tapestri is the only commercialized
multiomics platform capable of analyzing DNA
and protein simultaneously from the same sam-
ple at single-cell resolution. The real power is the
ability to generate correlation data between the
THE NATIVE ANTIGEN COMPANY; MISSION BIO genome, transcriptome and the proteome"

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