psychologypsychotherapy

(Tina Sui) #1

___. Meditation, personality and arousal. Personality and Individual Differences, 1980,
1:135- 142.


White, Joan. Healing the Manas Through Asana: Exploring Psychological effects in Poses
workshop. Given at Omega Institute’s New York City Yoga Conference: Awaken body, Mind &
Heart, 18-20 Oct 2002. See http://www.eomega.org.


“The traditional yogic texts divide the mind into four parts: the buddhi, the manas, the cit, and the
ahamkara. The manas are considered the emotional mind and its seat in the body is often
collapsed as we move through our Western lives. Opening this area in the physical body causes
profound reverberations in the pranamaya kosa and manomaya kosa.” For intermediate to
advanced practitioners.


Wicks, Robert. The therapeutic psychology of “The Tibetan Book of the Dead.” Philosophy East
and West, 1997, 47(4):479-494. Article available online: http://pears2.lib.ohio-
state.edu/FULLTEXT/JR-PHIL/robert.htm.


Widdowson, Rosalind. Depression and anxiety. In Rosalind Widdowson, The Joy of Yoga.
Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Co., 1983, pp. 24- 25.


Wigley, I. Community psychiatric nursing: Yoga as therapy. Nursing Times, Nov 4, 1972,
72(44):1716-1717.


Wilber, Ken. Waves, streams, states and self: Further considerations for an integral theory of
consciousness. In Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, eds., Cognitive Models and
Spiritual Maps: Interdisciplinary Explorations of Religious Experience. Thorverton, England:
Imprint Academic, 2000.


Abstract: Although far from unanimous, there seems to be a general consensus that neither mind
nor brain can be reduced without remainder to the other. This essay argues that indeed both mind
and brain need to be included in a nonreductionistic way in any genuinely integral theory of
consciousness. In order to facilitate such integration, this essay presents the results of an
extensive cross-cultural literature search on the ‘mind’ side of the equation, suggesting that the
mental phenomena that need to be considered in any integral theory include developmental levels
or waves of consciousness, developmental lines or streams of consciousness, states of
consciousness, and the self (or self-system). A ‘master template’ of these various phenomena,
culled from over one-hundred psychological systems East and West, is presented. It is suggested
that this master template represents a general summary of the ‘mind’ side of the brain–mind
integration. The essay concludes with reflections on the ‘hard problem’, or how the mind-side can
be integrated with the brain-side to result a more integral theory of consciousness.


Williams, P., et al. Personality and meditation. Perceptual Motor Skills, 1976, 43(3):787-792.


Willis, R. J. Meditation to fit the person: Psychology and the meditative way. Journal of Religion
and Health, 1979, 18(2):93-119.


Wilson, S. R., Therapeutic processes in a yoga ashram. American Journal of Psychotherapy, Apr
1985, 39(2):253-262.

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