gender, education, relationship status, extraversion, and neuroticism. The two groups
studied were not comparable in age, income, and ethnicity.
Leifer, Ron. The Happiness Project: Transforming the Three Poisons that Cause the Suffering
We Inflicton on Ourselves and Others. Ithaca, N.Y.: Snow Lion, 1997.
“A psychiatrist/psychologist identifies a point of clarity from which lasting happiness can be
achieved.”
Leuba, J. H. Die Psychologie der religiösen Mystik. München, 1927. [In German.]
Levine, Martin. The Positive Psychology of Buddhism and Yoga: Paths to a Mature Happiness,
with a Special Application to Handling Anger. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
2000.
Contents: PART I: BUDDHISM: King Ashoka’s question: What is your secret? Maturity and
serenity; The story of Siddhartha; The Hindu context; The core of the Buddha’s teachings; The
Noble Truth of dukkha (suffering), part 1: Suffering and transitoriness; The Noble Truth of
dukkha, part 2: Caught in the causal matrix; The Noble Truth of tanha (craving); The Noble Truth
of nirvana (liberation), part 1: Conquer the beasts within; The Noble Truth of nirvana, part 2: The
nature of attachment; The Buddha: The compassionate one; Supermaturity; Anatman
reconsidered: You are not your mind; The Noble Truch of magga (the path), part 1: Wisdom and
ethics; The Noble Truth of maggas, part 2: Mental discipline; PART II: YOGA: Yoga and
Buddhism; I discover Hatha Yoga; Savarasana [Shavasana]; The yogic state, part 1: Immersion;
The yogic state, part 2: Transforming judgment; The yogic state, part 3: Life is where you find it;
Yogic theory: The unenlightened mind; The eight angas, part 1: The practices; The eight angas,
part 2: The experiences; Yogic theory: The enlightened mind; PART III: EXTENDED
SUPPLEMENTS: Buddhism, Yoga, and Western psychology; Mindfulness and right thoughts;
Problem solving as compassionate action; Empathic assertiveness as right speech; PART IV:
HANDLING ANGER: The nature of anger; Anger: Assumptions and levels of expression; A
schematic, physiological model; General methods of decreasing anger; Specific methods, part 1:
Right views of others; Specific methods, part 2: Changing one’s own attitudes; Specific methods,
part 3: When anger occurs
Lindquist, Sigurd. Die Methoden des Yoga. Lund, 1932. [In German.]
Loy, David. Lack and Transcendence: The Problem of Death and Life in Psychotherapy,
Existentialism, and Buddhism. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press International, 1996.
Reviewed by Michael F. Stoeber in Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 1998, vol. 5, review available
online: http://jbe.la.psu.edu/5/stoeber.htm.
___. A Buddhist History of the West: Studies in Lack. Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press,
2002.
From a review in Tricycle, Summer 2002, p. 94: “According to David Loy, Westerners place a
high value on individuality and self-consciousness. But in Buddhism an Western psychology, the
self is recognized as a construct, ungrounded. As Westerners we experience this groundlessness
as a sense of lack. Greed, ill-will, and delusion—the three sources of suffering, according to
Buddhism—result rom our efforts to resolve this lack. Loy’s esoteric but provocative examines
how lack has been experienced in different historical periods and how its consequences have
critically affected the development of Western history.”