Programming and Graphics

316 Introduction to C++ Programming and Graphics

vi simos Create or edit filesimosusing the vi editor

view simos Read-only version of vi

cat>simos Type text in a file named simos;

end the session with Ctrl-D

mv simos siomadis Rename file simos to siomadis

mv simos kekos Move file simos into directory kekos

mv -i simos kekos Inquire before overwriting

cat simos Display contents of file simos

more simos Display contents of file simos

one screen at a time

less simos A new version of more

rm simos Remove (delete) file

rm -i simos Inquire before deleting

diff simos siomadis Show the differences between

files simos and siomadis

cmp simos siomadis Byte-by-byte comparison

grep string file1 file2 ... Show lines containing string in listed files

grep -v string file1 file2 ... Show lines not containing string

grep -i string file1 file2 ... Show lines containing string, ignore case

Table A.2 Manipulating files in Unix. A file is generated and modified using a text
editor. Becauseviruns in the non-graphics mode, it is the most important
editor. Typeman vito obtain further information. Popular graphics editors
aregeditandemacs.

chown user file1 directory1 ... Change ownership

chgrp group file1 directory1 ... Change group

chmod mode file1 directory1 ... Change the permission mode

chmod -R mode directory1 directory2 ... Change all files in listed

directories; R stands for recursive

Mode:

ugo user (owner) group other

+- add or remove permission

rqx read write execute

Table A.3 In Unix, directories and files have an owner and a designated group
of users. Read, write, and execute permissions are set for the owner (user),
the group, and others. For example, issuing the command “chmod go+rwx
katsarola” grants read, write, and execute permissions to the group and
others for the file or directorykatsarola.