Grade Six
Grade six is often the first year of middle school for students and represents a major transition in
students’ lives. Just entering adolescence, these students eagerly encounter new areas of study and
new ways to express their growing literacy understandings. Grade six also represents a significant
step in the CA CCSS for ELA/Literacy and the CA ELD Standards: argument replaces opinion in
reading, speaking, and writing; separate literacy standards in the content areas make clear the literacy
practices important in different disciplines; and thesis statements are expected in writing informative/
explanatory texts. All students engage in meaningful collaborations with peers, read and savor new
and exciting literature, and deepen their knowledge of academic English. Students who are ELs receive
rich instruction in all content areas and a comprehensive program of English language development.
This grade-level section provides an overview of the key themes of ELA/literacy and ELD
instruction in grade six. It also offers guidance for ensuring ELs have access to ELA and content
instruction, including integrated and designated ELD instruction. Snapshots and vignettes bring several
of the concepts to life.Key Themes of ELA/Literacy and ELD Instruction in Grade Six
In this section, the key themes of ELA/Literacy and ELD instruction are discussed as they apply
to grade six. These include Meaning Making, Language Development, Effective Expression,
Content Knowledge, and Foundational Skills. Instruction occurs in an integrated, motivating,
engaging, respectful, and intellectually challenging context. Teachers recognize the importance of
this grade level for students on the pathway toward the ultimate goals of transitional kindergarten
through grade twelve schooling: developing the readiness for college, careers, and civic life; attaining
the capacities of literate individuals; becoming broadly literate; and acquiring the skills for living and
learning in the 21st century (figure 6.9). Each of the snapshots for grade six that follow is presented
in connection with a theme; however, many snapshots illustrate several themes. The two vignettes
at the end of the section for grade six depict integrated ELA and ELD instruction and designated ELD
instruction based on the same topic and/or readings.
Figure 6.9. Circles of Implementation of ELA/Literacy and ELD Instruction548 | Chapter 6 Grade 6