Muhammad, the Qur'an and Islam
Nöldeke and Schwally, GQ, vol. 1, pp. 152, for references to later Islamic
sources.
[105] See Appendix B, pp. 351 f..
[106] Another possibility, of course, is that an early Jewish convert to
Islam may have provided the materials for this sura.
[107] Cf. EI², s.v. "Kur'an," p. 418.
[108] See Appendix D, pp. 378 f.
[109] According to a tradition in Suyuti, El-Itkan, vol. 2, p. 498, a Jew is
said to have asked Muhammad which stars Joseph saw in his dream.
Gabriel is reported to have told Muhammad, who then told the Jew that
they were: Harsan, Tarik, Dhu'l-Qatafayn, Dhu'l-Fark, Wassab, Amudan,
Qabis, Dharuh, Musabbih, Faylak, Ziya and Nur, the last two of whom are
said to have represented Joseph's mother and father.
[110] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[111] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[112] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[113] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[114] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[115] Nöldeke, "Qur'an," p. 9, shows that Muhammad thought Egypt's
agriculture was dependent on rain; cf. p. 114, n. 62, above.
[116] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[117] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[118] See Appendix D, p. 379.
[119] See Appendix D, p. 380.