Muhammad, the Qur'an and Islam[278] One work of Crone and Cook, which has not been very well
accepted by many other Western scholars of Islam, refer to archaeological
finds in early mosques indicating that the qibla was not officially changed
prior to 705 AD; Crone and Cook, Hagarism, pp. 23 f, 173 (as cited by J.H.
Smith in an unpublished paper). Cf. Watt in Tabari, History, vol. 6,
pp. xvii f.
[279] See p. 197, above, and the nn. 129 and 207.
[280] At present, there seems to be no archaelogical evidence that
Muhammad's name was used in either official or non-official religious
writings before 690 AD; cf. Nevo, "Prehistory," JSAI, vol. 17 (1994),
p. 109 f.
[281] See pp. 195 f, above.
[282] Gabriel and Michael are thought to have come from Syriac (n. 74),
Saul and Goliath from Hebrew (n. 75), and the "disciples" of Jesus from
Ethiopic (n. 225).
[283] See nn. 76-78, 223, 246, 274, above.
[284] See nn. 224, 229, above.
[285] See nn. 79, 225, 274, above.
[286] Cf. ECMD, p. 723.
[287] See pp. 187 f , above.
[288] See n. 244, above.
[289] See pp. 193 f, above.
[290] See p. 205, above.
[291] See pp. 205 f, above.
[292] See p. 209, above.