The Psychology of Gender 4th Edition

428 Chapter 11

IPV is more common among younger

couples (Capaldi, Kim, & Shortt, 2004). In

one study, 46% of male victims and 49% of

female victims were under the age of 35, de-

spite the fact that this age group comprised

only 20%–23% of the population (Laroche,

violence among men five years later. Men who

engage in IPV or tolerate IPV also score higher

on hostile sexism (Glick et al., 2002), masculine

gender-role stress (Copenhaver, Lash, & Eisler,

2000), and unmitigated agency (Mosher &

Danoff-Burg, 2005).

Power

and

Control

Using Coercion

and Threats

Using

Economic

Using

Intimidation

Using

Children

Using Male Privilege Using Isolation

Minimizing,

Denying,

and Blaming

Abuse

Using

Emotional

Abuse

Making her afraid by using

looks, actions, gestures

• smashing things


• destroying her property


• abusing pets


• displaying
  weapons

Making light of the

abuse and not taking her

concerns about it seriously

• saying the abuse didn’t
  happen • shifting
  responsibility for
  abusive behavior


• saying she
  caused it

Making and/or carrying out

threats to do something

to hurt her • threatening to

leave her, to commit

suicide, to report her

to welfare • making

her drop charges

• making her
  do illegal
  things

Making her feel guilty

about the children • using

the children to relay

messages • using visitation to

harass her • threatening to take

the children away

Preventing her from getting

or keeping a job • making her

ask for money • giving her an

allowance • taking her money • not

letting her know about or have access to

family income

Putting her down • making

her feel bad about herself

• calling her names • making her
  think she’s crazy • playing mind
  games • humiliating her • making
  her feel guilty

Treating her like a servant • making all

the big decisions • acting like the

“master of the castle” • being the

one to define men’s and

women’s roles

Controlling what she does, who she sees

and talks to, what she reads, where

she goes • limiting her outside

involvement • using jealousy

to justify actions

PH

YS

ICA

L

VIOLENCE

SEX

UA

L

PH

YS

ICA

L

VIOLENCE

SEX

UA

L

FIGURE 11.12 Control tactics involved in intimate terrorism.

Source: E. Pence and M. Paymar (1993). Education groups for men who batter: The Duluth model.

Copyright 1993. Reprinted by permission of Springer Publishing Co.

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