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S. Nolen-Hoeksema & L. M. Hilt (Eds.),Key Terms
Anorexia nervosa—Eating disorder
characterized by the continual pursuit of
thinness, a distorted body image, and refusal
to maintain a weight that is more than
85% of what is considered normal for the
person’s age and height.
Binge eating disorder—Eating disorder
characterized by recurrent binge eating
without purging or fasting.
Body objectification—The experience of
one’s body being treated as an object to be
evaluated and used by others.
Bulimia nervosa—Eating disorder
characterized by recurrent binge eating
followed by purging via vomiting, laxatives,
diuretics, enemas, and/or exercising.
Clinical depression—Another name for
major depressive disorder, the critical
feature of which is that the person must have
experienced a set of depressive symptoms
for a period no shorter than two weeks.
Different cause theory—Suggestion that
there are different causes of girls’ and boys’
depression and the cause of girls’ depression
increases during adolescence.
Differential exposure—Idea that men and
women are exposed to a different number of
or kinds of stressors.
Differential item functioning—Idea that some
items are more likely to be associated with a trait,
such as depression, among men versus women.
Differential vulnerability—Idea that certain
stressors are more strongly linked to distress
in one sex than the other.Emotion-focused coping—Approach to
stressful situations in which individuals attempt
to accommodate themselves to the stressor.
Gender intensification—Gender roles
becoming salient during adolescence,
causing boys and girls to adhere more
strongly to these roles.
Interactive theory—Suggestion that being
female always poses a risk for depression and
the events of adolescence activate that risk.
Learned helplessness—Learning that our
actions are independent of outcomes, which
then leads us to stop responding (give up) in
other situations.
Precipitating factors—Environmental
events that trigger the emergence of a
disorder (e.g., depression).
Problem-focused coping—Approach to
stressful situations in which we attempt to
alter the stressor itself.
Psychological reactance—Reaction to a
perceived threat to control that involves
doing the opposite of what is demanded.
Relative coping—Likelihood that men or
women use one coping strategy compared to
another strategy.
Same cause theory—Suggestion that the
same factor could cause depression in both
men and women, but the factor increases
during adolescence only for girls.
Susceptibility factors—Innate, usually
biological, factors that place one group
(e.g., women) at greater risk for a disorder
(e.g., depression) than another group.M13_HELG0185_04_SE_C13.indd 540 6/21/11 12:55 PM