Advanced Automotive Technology: Visions of a Super-Efficient Family Car

Table 5-1: Key Legislation Affecting Automotive Research and Development.................

PNGV-Related FY 1995 Appropriations by Technical Area and Agency

and Agency ($ millions)...........................................................^265
Table 5-3: Regional R&D Consortia Supported by the Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA)..........................................................^266
Table 5-4: Government-Funded Advanced Automotive R&D in Japan..........................^267

Key Budgetary Changes in FY 1996.

Figure 5-1: DOE Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program Budget History, FY 1976-95.......

Appendix A

Method for Evaluating Vehicle Performance

ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CONVENTIONAL AUTOMOBILES..........................^270
PERFORMANCE, EMISSIONS, AND FUEL ECONOMY.......................................^273
ELECTRIC VEHICLES................................................................................... 275
HYBRID VEHICLES.......................................................................................^280
Series Hybrids......................................................................................^280

Table A-la:

Table A-lb:
Table A-2:
Table A-3:
Table A-4:
Table A-5:

Figure A-1:
Figure A-2:
Figure A-3:
Figure A-4:
Figure A-5:

Energy Consumption as a Percent of Total Energy Requirements

for a Mid-size Car.................................................................. 285

Energy Consumption for a Mid-size Car Consumption in kWh/mile............ 286

Specifications of Some Advanced Electric Vehicles.................................^287

Engine and Accessory Weights (lbs).................................................... 288

Equations for Deriving HEV Weight...................................................^289

Energy Use for a Current (1995) Mid-size Car Converted

to an HEV (kWh)................................................................... 290

Energy Distribution........................................................................^291

Energy Flows, AVCAR ’93, EPA Composite Cycle............................... 292

Vehicle Performance vs. Fuel Economy...............................................^293

Fuel Economy vs. Performance.........................................................^294

Battery Weight vs. EV Range............................................................ 295

Appendix B

Methodology: Technology Price Estimates

METHODOLOGY TO DERIVE RPE FROM COSTS..............................................^297

Table B-1: Costing Methodology........................................................................^300
Table B-2: Methodology to Convert Variable and Fixed Cost to RPE...........................^301

xvii