Advanced Automotive Technology: Visions of a Super-Efficient Family Car

TABLE A-1 (b): Energy Consumption for a Mid-size Car

Consumption in kWh/mile

City Highway Composite

Tractive energy requirement 0.2064 0.1974 0.2024

Transmission loss 0.0336 0.0160 0.0257

Accessory energy 0.0314 0.0164 0.0247

Total energy required 0.2714 0.2298 0.2528

Total fuel energy used 1.2146 0.8469 1.0490

Idle and braking loss 0.2314 0.0173 0.1348

Total fuel used 1.4460 I 0.8642 1.1838

(22.7 mpg*) (38.0 mpg*) (27.72mpg*)

Engine efficiency 22.34% 27. 13Y0 24. lo~o

(w/iflle) 18.77V0 26.59?40 21.35’Yo

*Fuel lower heating value of 32.8 kWh/gallon.

SOURCE: Energy and Environmental Analysis, Inc.,“Automotive Technologies To Improve Fuel
Economy to 2015,” report prepared for the Office of Technology Assessment, June 1995, p. 10-6.