Advices For Studying Organic Chemistry

12.11A OVERALL SUMMARY OF REDUCTION REACTIONS (SECTION 12.3)

(^) NaBH 4 LiAlH 4
Aldehydes C
O
R H C
OH
R
H
H
C
OH
R
H
H
Ketones C
O
R R' C
OH
R
H
R'
C
OH
R
H
R'
Esters C
O
— C
OH
R
H
R OR' H + HOR’
Carboxylic
acids C
O
— C
OH
R
H
R OH H
Hydrogens in blue are added during the reaction workup by water or aqueous acid.

12.11B OVERALL SUMMARY OF OXIDATION REACTIONS (SECTION 12.4)

Reactant PCC H 2 CrO 4 KMnO 4

1° alcohols C

OH

R

H

H

C

O

RH C

O

ROH C

O

ROH

2° alcohols^ C

OH

R

H

R'

C

O

RR' C

O

RR' C

O

RR'

3° alcohols C

OH

R

R"

R'

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