Organic Chemistry

44 Properties

44.1 Naming Haloalkanes

Haloalkanes are named by adding a prefix to the name of the alkane from which they are
derived. The prefix denotes the particular halogen used.

F=Fluoro-
Cl=Chloro-
Br=Bromo-
I=Iodo-

If other substituents need to be named, all prefixes are still put in alphabetical order. When
necessary, numbers identify substituent locations.

44.1.1 Example names of haloalkanes

IUPAC name Common name

CH 3 —F Fluoromethane Methyl fluoride

CH 3 —Cl Chloromethane Methyl chloride

CH 3 —Br Bromomethane Methyl bromide

CH 3 —I Iodomethane Methyliodide

F—CH 2 —F Difluoromethane Methylene fluoride

Cl—CH 2 —Cl Dichloromethane Methylene chloride

F—CH 2 —Cl Chlorofluoromethane

CHBrClF Bromochlorofluoromethane

HCCl 3 Trichloromethane Chloroform

CHX 3 Haloforms (X=halogen)

CCl 4 Tetrachloromethane Carbon tetrachlo-

ride

CH 3 CHCl 2 1,1-Dichloroethane

Figure 117

(Dibromomethyl)cyclohexane